Carding cleaning, opening, and like machine for textile fibers



Sept- 17, 19350 CARDING, CLEANING, OPENING AND LIKE MACHINE FOR TEXTILE FIBERS Filed .Nov. 1, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 R. SETZER Eept. I7, 1935.;

CAEDING, CLEANING, OPENING AND LIKE MACHINE FOR TEXTILE FIBERS 'F iled Nov. 1, 1953 s Sheets-Sheet 2 ZWZO Z/ Sept.l7,1935 RgETZER j ammm CARDING, CLEANING, OPENING AND LIKE MACHINE FOR TEXTILE FIBERS- 'Filed Nov. 1, 1933 r 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 .Ziweza Rad o Z7 fa Z'ze r Patented Sept. 17, 1935 UNITED STATE-S1 P'ATE OLF'FIQ'E- Rudolf Setzen, Munieh-Trudering, Germany, as-

slg nor' to Technik & Investment AktiengeseH-- scliaft; Vad'uz, Liechtenstein Application November 1, 1933;. SeriallNo. 696,258.

In Germany November 4', I932 11 Claims? Cardingg, cleaning: and opening cylinders. for. textile fabrics with radial or nearly radial teeth.

are" in some: casesliable to. damage the. fiber,

and. to: avoid this the clothing usedin. some. ma-

the teeth having outwardly facing'channelsand the. other. cylinder, the stripping. cylinder,v has teeth. which by relative movement of the. two i. cylinders are caused: to sweep through the channels of the teethon the feed. cylinder, stretching the fibers and? ultimately dragging them away from the: channeled teeth.

Preferably, the channeled teeth ofthe feed 5 cylinder are gutter-shaped, and their points are formed by a; tapered extension of one side wall of the channel. Alternatively each channeled tooth: may have two points of equal or. different lengths. The tooth. may be reinforced by means of." a" flange or: rib along: its top edge,. whichv is preferably parallel with. the base. The side walls of therchannel may have lugswithenlarged. ends forming feet by means of which the teeth are fixed: intogrooves in: the: cylinder. The fixing of the feet may be.- efiiectedr by means of brackets or bars placedv across. them,. and. these may be scrdesignedas to prevent excessive lateral'or outward and inward bending.

Examplesof: apparatus according to the: invention are shown: inrthe accompanying. drawings. Fig. 1 illustrates diagrammatically the manner in which a channeled orgutter-shaped tooth: on the feed cylinder cooperates. a: pointed con- 45, ica l tooth" onthestripping: cylinder, and;

Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing at channeled or' gutter shape'd tooth on: thefeed cylinder cooperating with: saw teeth' onthe stripping cylinder.

50.- Figs. 3' to, 5. are views of a preferred-form of channelledtooth, and

Figcfi showsa modification in which the tooth has two points.

Fig. 7 isa. cross; section of. part of a feed .cyl- 1 inder with: channelledteeth, and.

Fig. 8f is an elevation thereof, viewed from the left of'Fig. '7.

Figs. 9,. 10 and. II illustrate successive stages of; the operation by which a channelled tooth on. the feedcylinder collects a. tuft or tussock of. 5 fiber and coact's with. a pointed conical tooth on the. stripping cylinder, and

Fig. 12 illustrates one stage of this operationwith saw teeth on the stripping cylinder;

Fig..1-3 is. avertical. section of an opening ma- 1O chine with a pair of cylindershaving teeth in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 14' is a vertical section oi a machine as shown in Fig. 13but equipped with two. stripping cylinders; and 15 Figs. 15 and 16 illustrate. an arrangement of bent saw. teeth on the stripping cylinder.

Referring; first to. Figs. 1 and'2; 5 designates a; channeled or gutter-shaped. tooth onthe feed cylinder. having a. point a. When the point or 20 tip a. engages the fiber a coil J ofi'fib'er' is formed thereon, and slips onto the tooth to a; position such as that indicated at b, travelling through the distance 3. By slippingontol the thick shank sl' the fiber is loosened or stretched. very considerahly, and the fiber may indeed become parted. V

The tooth 5 is of gutter shape, with a channel'. hi. into which. teeth 1 in the form of conical pins on the stripping. cylinder as shown in Fig; 1, or the form of saw teeth. 26 on the stripping cylinder as shown in Fig. 2, can engage. If a tooth- T engages the. channel of the gutter shaped tooth 5', as indicated in Fig. 1', and the two teeth were travelling. as indicated by arrows, with vel'ocity o of the gutter-shaped. tooth 5 on the feed cylinder equal to velocity or of the pin tooth 7 on. the stripping, cylinder, the two teeth would move together. like two. teeth of a spur gear, and the tooth I could not move the fiber coil to posi- 0 tion I). but if velocity 111 is smaller than 1) the coil can. slipalongthe tooth 5* at a rate depending on the difi'erence. between the velocities, and this di'iierence can be made of any value required. The rate at which the fibercoil" is stretched can therefore be made quite independent of the rate of travel of the tooth 5. The stretching of the fiber. coil can be accelerated by reversing the directionof movement of the tooth 1..

The teeth T or 26 are shaped and arranged so that. they not only regulate the stretching of the fiber coil, but alsoremove. the fibers from the. tooth 51 Someof the fibers engaged by the tooth 5'form coils. round its tip and. are slid along the tooth, towards the thick end, being thereby stretched. Other fibers, clinging to the tooth but loosely distributed, are dragged by the teeth 1 or 26 into the channel It, and pulled through the same, so that they also undergo stretching.

A form of tooth suitable for the feed cylinder or feed drum is'shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. This tooth is tangentially disposed with reference to the cylinder and has a body portion 8 with two wall or side portions 9 and 10, forming a channel open on the side facing outwards. The part In is longer than the parts 8 and 9 and tapers to a point II. The straight top edge of this part has a reinforcing flange I2. The parts 9 and II] have lugs I3 and hi, to which are joined the arcuate feet 15 and I6 of the tooth.

Fig. 6 shows a modification in which the part 3 is also tapered to a point I! but is shorter than the point of the part l0. It may, however, be of the same length, or longer.

The point or points II or I! may be bent inwards or outwards, instead of extending in the same direction as the channel.

Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate a method of attaching to a feed cylinder teeth such as those shown in Figs. 3 to and Fig. 6. l8 designates the cylinder, which has around its circumference pairs of grooves I9, 23, into which the feet l5, [6 of the teeth fit, supporting the teeth in circular alinement with each other, the teeth being attached to the cylinder by means of flanged brackets 2|, 22 which are fixed by screws 23, 24. These brackets, placed in front of, and behind, the lugs 13, Hi, extend over the full length of the cylinder occupied by teeth, each bracket holding down a bank of teeth. The outwardly directed flanges 25 of the brackets 22 may be so constructed (for instance by giving them recesses or projections) that they prevent excessive lateral bending or excessive outward or inward bending of the tooth points, as for example when cotton fiber containing much seed is dealt with. The brackets hold the teeth very securely, but removal of teeth for the purpose of renewal can be effected without difiiculty by unfastening the screws. I may use plain flat bars instead of the flanged brackets, and may adopt other forms of feet and fastenmgs.

Figs. 9 to 12 illustrate the manner in which the teeth on the two cylinders coact. When a channelled tooth on the feed cylinder has engaged a tuft 2? of fiber, as shown in Fig. 9, and has carried it into proximity with a tooth 1 on the stripping cylinder, as shown in Fig. 10, the relative movement of the tooth I with respect to the channelled tooth, indicated by an arrow, causes the tooth T to pass through the channel I0, dragging with it the fiber, which clings to the tip and sides of the channel and is thus stretched and opened before ultimately being withdrawn from the channel. Fig. 11 shows a conical tooth '7 operating in this way, and Fig. 12 shows saw teeth 23 similar to the teeth 26 shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 13 shows an opening machine with feed apparatus 28, 29, 30 of a well known type, including a pedal trough feed regulator. The feed cylinder 35 has teeth 8 of the kind shown in Figs. 3 to 5 and is rotated as indicated by an arrow, at a speed depending on the output and the degree of opening required. 32 is a grid. The repeated engagement of the teeth 8 with the fiber supplied by the feed roller 29 causes the same to be bent outwards slightly, as shown in Fig. 13, so that the teeth sweep past the feed roller nearly parallel with fiber presented to them by the roller. If the distance from the roller is properly ad.-

justed the teeth lightly engage the layer of fiber thereon and take a portion thereof with them, without injury to themselves or the fiber. The tufts collected by the teeth 8 are carried along the grid 32 into proximity with the teeth I of the 5 second or stripping cylinder 33, these teeth being shown as pins by way of example although they might also be saw teeth 26, Figs. 2 and 12. The cylinder 33 rotates either as indicated by the arrow I, or as indicated by the arrow II, but in any case there is a relative movement between the two cylinders causing the teeth 1 or 26 to sweep through the channels of the teeth 8, as hereinbefore described. The relative speed can be regulated to suit any kind of fabric which is to be dealt with.

The fiber taken by the teeth I or 26 from the teeth 8 is carried to the delivery end of the machine, where a stream of air created by a fan 34 carries it into a delivery duct 35, through which it passes to sieve drums and winding apparatus in the usual way.

Means other than a fan, of any suitable conventional kind, may be used for taking the fiber from the teeth I or 26.

Referring now to Fig. 14, this opening machine which is otherwise designed like the one illustrated in Fig. 13, has an additional or second stripping cylinder 38 at the rear of the first stripping cylinder 33, which second stripping cylinder 38 3f!v is equipped with teeth I or 26. For instance, the first stripping cylinder 33 may have pin teeth 1, and the second one, 38, may have saw teeth 26. In this machine, the first stripping cylinder 33 rotates in the direction of arrow II and at a velocity which is only slightly lower than that of the feed cylinder 3 l. The first stripping cylinder 33 takes the tufts from the teeth 8 of feed cylinder 3| and carries them upwards. The tufts are detached from the teeth of the first stripping cyl- 40 inder 33 by the teeth of the second one, 38, which. rotates similar to feed cylinder 3|, in the direction of arrow I. The tufts are carried by the teeth of the second stripping cylinder 38, past a grid 33, to the delivery duct 35. The fibers are removed by a fan 34 as described for the stripping cylinder 33 in Fig. 13, or any other suitable means may be provided for taking the fibers from the second stripping cylinder 38. This method of using two stripping cylinders 33 and 38 may be used with advantage for fiber which requires delicate treatment but must nevertheless be thoroughly cleaned.

When the single stripping cylinder 33 shown in Fig. 13 rotates as indicated by the arrow I the opening action is energetic and rapid, and it is only in this case that the grid 33 comes into operation.

The diameter and length of the cylinders depend generally on the kind of fiber to be treated and the output required.

The channelled teeth of the feed cylinder I 8 or 3| may be sufiiciently wide for two or more teeth of the stripping cylinder 33 to pass through the channels side by side.

Referring now to Figs. 15 and 16, the teeth may be arranged with all of their points or ends in a single plane at right angles to the axis of the stripping cylinder, as shown for the saw teeth 26 on the stripping cylinder 33 in Fig. 15. However, if desired, and particularly if the channels of the gutter-shaped teeth are wide, the teeth may be bent laterally, as shown in Fig. 16. By way of example, the teeth have been shown with every tooth bent laterally, and symmetrically to opposite sides of the row. I am not limited to symmetrical bending but the bending may be onesided, nor is it necessary that every tooth should be bent, as only every second, third, fourth, etc., tooth may be bent.

Each channelled tooth may have two or more channels, arranged for a coacting tooth or teeth to pass through each of them.

The depth of the channels varies according to requirements.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:-

1. A machine for opening, cleaning, carding or like treatment of textile fibers, having in combination two coacting rotatable cylinders, one of said cylinders having approximately tangential teeth thicker at their roots than at their tips, with outwardly facing channels extending from root to tip, and the other cylinder having teeth arranged to pass through the channels of said channelled teeth.

2. A machine for opening, cleaning, carding or like treatment of textile fibers, having in combination two coacting rotatable cylinders, one of said cylinders having approximately tangential gutter shaped teeth whereof the channels face outwards, one side wall of each gutter shaped tooth being tapered to a point, and the other cylinder having teeth arranged to pass through the channels of said gutter shaped teeth.

3. A machine for opening, cleaning, carding or like treatment of textile fibers, having in combination two-coacting rotatable cylinders, one of said cylinders having approximately tangential gutter shaped teeth whereof the channels face outwards, the side walls of each' gutter shaped tooth tapering to points, and the other cylinder having teeth arranged to pass through the channels of said gutter shaped teeth.

4. A machine for opening, cleaning, carding or like treatment of textile fibers, having in combination two coacting rotatable cylinders, one of said cylinders having approximately tangential gutter shaped teeth whereof the channels face outwards, the side walls of each gutter shaped tooth extending unequal distances beyond the base of the gutter and tapering to points, and the other cylinder having teeth arranged to pass through the channels of said gutter shaped teeth.

5. A machine for opening, cleaning, carding or like treatment of textile fibers, having in combination two coacting rotatable cylinders, one of said cylinders having approximately tangential gutter shaped teeth whereof the channels face outwards, one side wall of each gutter shaped tooth having a reinforcing flange at its edge and being tapered to a point, and the other cylinder having teeth arranged to pass through the channels of said gutter shaped teeth.

6. In a machine for opening, cleaning, carding tion of a rotatable cylinder having slots in the circumference thereof, approximately tangential teeth on said cylinder having outwardly facing channels, said teeth having lugs and feet joined to said lugs and engaging into said slots, and bars fixed to said cylinder, extending across said feet, whereby said teeth are retained upon said cylinder, said bars having flanges arranged to prevent excessive bending of said teeth.

8. In a machine for opening, cleaning, carding or like treatment of textile fibers the combination of a rotatable cylinder having slots in the circumference thereof, approximately tangential teeth on said cylinder having outwardly facing channels, said teeth having lugs and feet joined to said lugs and engaging into said slots, and bars fixed to said cylinder, extending across said feet, whereby said teeth are retained upon said cylinder, said bars having flanges arranged to prevent excessive outward, inward and lateral bending of said teeth.

9. A machine for opening, cleaning, carding or like treatment of textile fibers comprising two coacting rotatable cylinders, one of said cylinders having approximately tangential teeth with outwardly facing channels extending from root to tip, and the other cylinder having teeth arranged to pass through the channels of said channeled teeth.

10. A machine for opening, cleaning, carding or like treatment of textile fibers comprising two coacting rotatable cylinders, one of said cylinders having approximately tangential teeth with outwardly facing channels extending from root to tip, and the other cylinder having teeth arranged to pass through the channels of said channeled teeth, and a third cylinder adapted to cooperate with one of said two cylinders and having teeth thereon for cooperation with the teeth of one of said two cylinders.

11. A machine for opening, cleaning, carding or like treatment of textile fibers comprising two coacting rotatable cylinders, one of said cylinders having approximately tangential teeth with outwardly facing channels extending from root to tip and the other cylinder having laterally bent teeth arranged to pass through the channels of said channeled teeth.

RUDOLF SETZER. 

